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The research employed GC-MS-SPME to analyze volatile compounds in five interspecific hybrid Vitis (IHV) varieties both in their berry form and in wine. The majority of volatile content in grape juice and wine consists of fatty acid degradation products along with fatty acid ethyl esters, terpenes, C13-norisoprenoids, volatile phenols and other phenyl derivatives.
Volatile Compound Analysis in Juice and Wine
Volatile compounds were extracted using headspace solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and analyzed via gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS). For juice analysis, 5 mL of juice was placed in an SPME vial containing 3 g of NaCl and 50 μL of a deuterated internal standard mix (including ethyl acetate-d8, ethyl butanoate-4,4,4-d3, benzyl-2,3,4,5,6-d5 alcohol, 2-phenyl-d5-ethanol, hexanoic-d11 acid, ethyl octanoate-d15, and hexanol-d13). Wine samples (3 mL) were combined with 3 g of NaCl, 3 mL of distilled water, and 50 μL of the same deuterated standard mixture. Extraction was performed using a polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene/carboxen SPME fiber, followed by a 5-minute desorption in splitless mode at the GC inlet. Separation was achieved on a column, and quantification was carried out using the deuterated standards alongside 11-point calibration curves based on authentic reference compounds.