Introduction
Nucleic acids are long polymers of nucleotides that function in the storage, transmission, and translation of genetic information. Nucleotide is formed from the nitrogenous base (purines or pyrimidines), five-carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose), and phosphate (mono, di or tri) by glycosidic bonds. And nucleosides are glycosides composed of nitrogenous bases and pentoses, which plus a phosphate group are nucleotides. It can be said that bases, nucleosides and nucleotides are components of nucleic acids. These products in combination with analytical instruments have provided useful information regarding nucleic acid structures and nucleic acid behaviors, as well as widely used in other researches.
Applications
Research related to nucleic acids: Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a powerful tool for studying nucleic acids. For NMR studies of DNA and RNA molecules, (site specific) isotope enrichment is required to facilitate specific NMR experiments and applications. Thus, stable isotope-labeled compounds become indispensable. NMR studies using stable-isotope labeled oligonucleotides can provide precise information regarding nucleic acid structures (hydrogen bonding, protonation, stacking, triplexes, and tetraplexes), nucleic acid-drug binding (ligand interactions) and nucleic acid-protein interactions. Among them, 13C labeled oligonucleotides are very useful for the conformational elucidation of the sugar-phosphate backbone and/or the sugar moieties in nucleic acids and 15N-labeled oligonucleotides are very useful for the transformation of nucleic acid-drug binding sight [1].
Food detection: Nucleotides have been added in some major formula milk powder in many countries, especially in infant milk powder. So, it is necessary to establish an authoritative accurate quantitative measurement method of nucleotides. The method of high-performance liquid chromatography-isotope dilution mass spectrometry using stable isotope-labeled nucleotides such as labeled adenosine 5'-mono-phosphate (AMP) as marker can be accurate quantitative measurement of nucleotide in milk powder. At the same time, it also shows the advantages of fast, efficient and simple.
Metabolic studies: When combined with mass spectrometry, stable isotope-labeled nucleosides have a great function in studying the metabolism of nucleosides. For example, uracil nucleoside is a kind of drug, which is often used for the treatment of giant red blood cell anemia and liver, cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases. In order to study the mechanism of uracil nucleoside and its derivatives on organisms, it is necessary to track the compounds and their metabolites. Using stable isotope-labeled compounds as markers can avoid errors in the detection of mass spectrometry and significantly improve the stability of the detection method. Research proved that dual-labeled uracil nucleoside-(13C, 15N2) can be used as isotope markers for the effective and accurate detection of nucleoside drugs and their metabolites. Moreover, 15N5 labeled deoxyadenosine also can be used in metabolic studies of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC).
Others: The stable isotope-labeled oligodeoxyribonucleotides constructed by labeled 5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine bases (2H, 13C and 15N), which can be act as probes to investigate sequence-selectivity in hydroxyl radical reactions of pyrimidine methyl groups under monitored by mass spectrometry [2].
What can we offer?
As a professional supplier of stable isotope-labeled compounds, Alfa Chemistry has always shown great interest in the latest developments in stable isotope-labeled nucleic acid related products. Alfa Chemistry has excellent R&D staffs with rich experience who aim to provide high quality and cost-effective stable isotope-labeled nucleic acid related products. We can offer you with stable isotope-labeled bases, nucleosides and nucleotides with labeled with 13C, 2H, and 15N isotopes. You can click on our product list for a detailed view. If you do not find the product you want, we also provide you with custom synthesis service. Please contact us, if you are in need of assistance.
References
- Kamaike, K. and Kawashima, E. Synthesis of stable-isotope (13C and 15N) labeled nucleosides and their applications[J]. Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry, 2004, 1(3): 309-332.
- Artur, B., et al. Synthesis of stable-isotope enriched 5-methylpyrimidines and their use as probes of base reactivity in DNA[J]. Nucleic Acids Research, 2002, 30: 4068-4074.
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