Formaldehyde Unlabeled 37 wt% in H2O (Contains 10-15% Methanol)

Catalog Number	ACMA00045040
Structure
Molecular Weight	30.03
Chemical Formula	HCHO
Unlabeled CAS	50-00-0

Case Study

Synthesis of Industrial Applications of Formaldehyde and Formaldehyde Products

Salthammer T, et al. Chemical reviews, 2010, 110(4), 2536-2572.

Formaldehyde is a chemical with multiple applications in industry as a preservative, disinfectant, and biocide. It is important in thermosetting adhesives (for indoor applications) especially.
Synthesis reaction of formaldehyde-based adhesives
· The most common type of adhesives is urea-formaldehyde (UF), which cures quickly, is compatible with additives, and is relatively cheap. They are made from formaldehyde and urea through a Mannich reaction to make methylolureas and then condensation reactions to produce the polymer. But UF adhesives are not water resistant as the C-N bonds hydrolyse and release formaldehyde.
· Melamine-urea-formaldehyde (MUF) adhesives, similar to UF, are prepared by combining UF and melamine-formaldehyde (MF) elements, or co-condensing all monomers. The initial step involves the reaction of melamine with formaldehyde, as shown in Equation 7.
· Phenol-formaldehyde (PF) adhesives, or phenoplasts, are synthesized through electrophilic substitution to form methylol phenol. This reaction produces low-molecular-weight resols under alkaline conditions, and high-cross-linked novolacs under acidic. PF adhesives are known for being extremely stable, waterproof, and sticky to wood.
· Melamine-urea-phenol-formaldehyde (MUPF) adhesives, incorporating small amounts of phenol, are utilized in the production of moisture-resistant wood-based products and construction materials.

Metabolism of Endogenous Formaldehyde and Its Effects on Diseases

Kim K H, et al. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part C, 2011, 29(4), 277-299.

· Metabolic sources of formaldehyde
Formaldehyde is a carcinogen that can be created in cellular metabolism. Apart from those external sources (environment, food, etc), this work also summarised the external sources of formaldehyde - folate derivatives breakdown, protein and nucleic acid demethylation, creatinine or adrenaline hormone metabolism, etc. Both the mitochondrial enzymes dimethylglycine dehydrogenase (DMGDH) and sarcosine dehydrogenase also generate formaldehyde from their substrates.
· Correlation of endogenous formaldehyde with various diseases
Several genetic disorders are linked to impaired DNA repair of formaldehyde-induced lesions. Targeting formaldehyde metabolism presents a novel therapeutic avenue for treating DNA repair-deficient tumors and certain genetic diseases.
For example, metformin's potential to quench formaldehyde has shown promise in treating Fanconi anemia (FA). Conversely, increasing cellular formaldehyde levels might be considered a therapeutic approach to inhibit cancer cell growth.
These cells are cancer cells lacking homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, which are especially sensitive to formaldehyde. That means BRCA1- and BRCA2-deficient tumours might be hypersensitive to ADH5 inhibitors such as N6022. By inhibiting ADH5, endogenous formaldehyde levels would increase, selectively killing these cancer cells. A similar approach, using Disulfiram to inhibit acetaldehyde detoxification, has shown success in selectively killing BRCA1- and BRCA2-deficient cells due to the accumulation of toxic acetaldehyde. Combining N6022 and Disulfiram might offer even greater efficacy against BRCA-deficient tumors.

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Formaldehyde Unlabeled 37 wt% in H2O (Contains 10-15% Methanol) (ACMA00045040)

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